Gender-specific differences in plasma ferritin in adolescents smoking cigarettes versus waterpipe smoking: the Irbid-TRY Project

Introduction Ferritin has been implicated in body physiology and pathology. Smoking cigarettes (Cg) alters ferritin metabolism. Waterpipe (Wp) smoking recently reemerged as a global epidemic is linked to the most devas�tating diseases. However, effect of Wp on not known. Therefore, current study compared plasma adolescents smok�ing Cg, Wp, both (CgWp) versus never smoked. Material methods Self-reported status lev�els were obtained from 849 boys (n = 470) girls 379) 7th–10th grade (age range 13–17 years). Results The ANCOVA revealed main for gender (p < 0.000) 0.02) without an interaction > 0.9). Post-hoc analysis showed greater 0.03) CgWp 0.004) Gender-stratified 0.03). Additional comparisons among 0.006) 0.008) groups smoking, differences 0.5) between smoking. Another subgroup comparison Cg difference 0.3) Conclusions results indicate that elevated adolescent smokers, particularly CgWp.